What Is an Antibody
What Is an Antibody, An antibody is what the body produces against an antigen. There are four polypeptide chains, two of which are light and two of which are heavy. They join together to form a y-shape. The light chain is KAPHA or LAMBDA, while the heavy chain is Alpha. It is divided into five types due to these heavy chains: Gamma and Delta. which are as follows. Here are some key points about antibodies:
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Structure: Antibodies are Y-shaped molecules made up of four protein chains: two heavy chains and two light chains. Each antibody has a unique region that binds specifically to a particular antigen.
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Function: The primary function of antibodies is to identify and neutralize antigens. They do this by binding to the antigen, which can either directly neutralize the pathogen or mark it for destruction by other immune cells.
IgG:
It is a type of antibody that is produced immediately against any antigen in the body. It has a very short life and when it combines with an antigen, its chemical reaction cannot be seen.
IgM:
It is a type of antibody that is produced in response to an antigen with some delay but it has a long life and does not disappear quickly. One molecule is capable of reacting with five antigens. Whereas an IgG molecule can bind to an antigen.
IgE:
It is also a type of antibody that is produced in response to a specific antigen. These specific antigens are called allergens and are produced in any type of allergy and cause an immediate reaction.
IgA:
This is the antibody that is present in all body fluids, it is called serum antibody.
IgD:
It is usually present at the lymphatic site and is similar to IgG.
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