Chorionic Villus Sampling

Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) is a prenatal test that involves taking a small sample of cells from the placenta to test for genetic abnormalities in the developing fetus.

What is CVS?

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  Purpose:

  To detect genetic disorders such as Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, and other chromosomal abnormalities.

• Timing:

  She is typically performed between the 10th and 13th weeks of pregnancy.

• Procedure:

  A sample of chorionic villi, tiny projections of placental tissue that share the baby’s genetic makeup, is tested.

Procedure:

There are two methods for obtaining the sample:

1. Transcervical:

   A thin tube is inserted through the cervix to reach the placenta.

2. Transabdominal:

   Doctors insert a needle through the abdomen into the placenta.

Both methods typically require ultrasound guidance for accuracy and safety.

Risks and Benefits:

• Benefits:

  • Early detection of genetic disorders.
  • Informed decision-making regarding pregnancy management.

• Risks:

  • Miscarriage (risk is generally around 0.22% to 0.5%).
  • Infection.
  • Rh sensitization (if the mother is Rh-negative).

Alternatives:

Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) and amniocentesis are prenatal tests to detect genetic abnormalities in a developing fetus.

• Amniocentesis:

  Doctors perform amniocentesis later in pregnancy, typically around the 15th to 20th week, by sampling the amniotic fluid.

• Non-invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT):

  A blood test can be done as early as the 10th week of pregnancy, though it primarily screens for certain chromosomal conditions and is not diagnostic.

Timing

• CVS: Performed between the 10th and 13th weeks of pregnancy.
• Amniocentesis: Typically done between the 15th and 20th weeks of pregnancy.

Waiting Time for Results

• CVS:

  Results are typically available within one to two weeks.

• Amniocentesis:

  Results may take a little longer, often about two to three weeks.

Who Should Consider CVS?

• Women with a family history of genetic disorders.
• Women over the age of 35.
• Couples who have had a previous child with a genetic disorder.
• Abnormal results from other prenatal tests.

Post-Procedure Care:

• Rest:

  Doctors often recommend resting for a day after the procedure.

• Avoiding Strenuous Activities:

  Avoid heavy lifting and vigorous activities for a few days following the procedure.

• Monitoring for Symptoms:

  Watch for signs of complications, such as heavy bleeding, severe cramping, fever, or fluid leakage, and contact your healthcare provider if any of these occur.