ABGs Test (Arterial Blood Gases)
ABGs Test (Arterial Blood Gases) analysis is used to assess respiratory function and how well the lungs exchange oxygen and Carbon Dioxide. Blood Gas analysis also evaluates the Acid-Base balance in the patient. It also accesses the amount of hemoglobin that is carrying oxygen. It also causes the amount of oxygen in the blood. ABGs is a Blood test that measures the PH. the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide from the artery.
Purpose OF ABGS:
This test is used to check the function of the patient’s lungs and how well they can move oxygen into the blood and remove CO2. So we will check the acidity and alkalinity of arterial circulation.
Causes OF ABG’s Test:
- Caused by Sepsis
- COVID-19 and other conditions
- Severe sepsis, is a medical emergency caused by your body’s response to an infection and can be life threatening. It is wide spread inflammation in your body.
Common Reasons an ABGs Ordered:
- You are often short of breath
- You are usually tired
- Chronic vomiting or nausea
- Shock
- Smock inhalation injury
- Carbon monoxide poisoning
- Burn in your airways
- Drug overdose
- Head or neck injury
- Newborn is having trouble breathing
Does This Test Have Other Names:
- ABG,s Systemic, Arterial blood gas
- Oxygen saturation test
- It is also called blood Cases Test
Parameters in Arterial Blood Gases Test:
There are following parameters,
- PaO2 (Patient Pressure of oxygen)
- Pa CO2 (Patient Pressure Carbon Dioxide)
- O2 Saturation (Oxygen Saturation)
- O2 CT (Oxygen Content)
- HCO3 (Bicarbonate)
- Blood PH,
Normal Range of Parameters in ABG’s Test:
| Test Name | Normal Value |
| PaO2 (Patient Pressure of oxygen) | 75 to 100 mmHg |
| Pa CO2 (Patient Pressure Carbon Dioxide) | 34 to 45 mmHg |
| O2 Saturation (Oxygen Saturation) | 95 to 100ml per 100mL |
| O2 CT (Oxygen Content) | 95 to 100ml / 100ml |
| HCO3 (Bicarbonate) | 20 to 29 mEq/Lor mmol/L |
| Blood PH, | 7.35 to 7.45 PH |
Diagnostic Importance of ABGS Test:
- To Evaluate kidney function
- To measure blood Acidity
- Gas exchange ability of lungs
- Treatment for lungs disease
- Treatment against imbalance of blood acidity
How to Performed:
Procedure:
- Collect at least 2 ml of arterial blood in heparinized syringe or Gareen Top tube with Sodium heparin or Lithium Heparin from Radial artery or Brachial Artery or Femoral Artery.
- First choice The best Artery that You have easily taken the blood that is Radial Artery.
- If Radial Artery is not palpable Then wo can also take other artery like Femoral Artery.
- After taken the blood, mix the sample immediately and better to perform test immediately on Blood Gases Analyzer.
- The stability of Sample at room temperature is 30 minutes.
- After 30 minutes Sample is waste because they don’t give exact value.
- Stability in crushed ice containers is 1 hour, if sample is transported to some other lab of long distance.
Note:
A Container with Crushed ice for transportation of the sample to the laboratory (if the analysis is not done at the point of care).
Result:
Results of your arterial blood gas test usually are available in less than 15 minutes. But your doctor’s Can’t diagnose you based on an arterial blood gas test done.
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